<!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type="full_text"> <titles> <title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ ПРИ РАЗУЩЕМИВШИХСЯ ГРЫЖАХ ЖИВОТА</title> <original_language_title>МЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКИЙ РАК ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ БЕЗ ВЫЯВЛЕННОГО ПЕРВИЧНОГО ОЧАГА: ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ</original_language_title> </titles> <contributors> <organization sequence="first" contributor_role="author">Multidisciplinary Clinical Medical Center "Medical City", Tyumen, Russian Federation</organization> <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"> <given_name>M.I.</given_name> <surname>SOKOLOVA</surname> </person_name> <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"> <given_name>V.I.</given_name> <surname>PAVLOVA</surname> </person_name> <organization sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russian Federation</organization> </contributors> <jats:abstract xml:lang="en"> <jats:p>The availability of a wide range of modern diagnostic methods for identifying primary tumors in patients with metastases of unknown origin creates challenges in determining the optimal sequence for their use. This issue can often result in delays in the initiation of treatment. This review article aims to organize contemporary approaches for identifying the primary tumor and provides practical recommendations based on an analysis of current scientific data. The search was conducted in the EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and CINAHL databases from 2009 to 2023, using keywords such as squamous cell carcinoma, primary focus, metastases to the neck lymph nodes, transoral surgery, and p16 expression. During the preliminary analysis of the available literature, studies that did not address the relevant aspects of this research were excluded. All primary research articles focused on diagnosing and treating patients with metastases of unknown origin were included in the study. Keywords: Squamous cell carcinoma, primary lesion, metastases to the lymph nodes of the neck, transoral surgery, p16 expression.</jats:p> </jats:abstract> <publication_date media_type="online"> <year>2024</year> </publication_date> <publication_date media_type="print"> <year>2024</year> </publication_date> <pages> <first_page>136</first_page> <last_page>142</last_page> </pages> <doi_data> <doi>10.25005/2074-0581-2025-27-1-136-142</doi> <resource>https://vestnik-avicenna.tj/upload/global/pdf/2025/2025-1/136-142.pdf</resource> </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== -->