Pathophysiology

doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2021-23-2-242-250
ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG ALLERGY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS

B.B. Maykanaev, A.A. Toktogonova, E.V. Dudenko, S. Sydykova

National Center for Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Objective: To identify allergic reactions (AR) to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Methods: Total of 50 patients with MDR-TB, suspected to develop AR, were enrolled in the study. The patients received standard chemotherapy. The leukocyte lysis sensitization test (LLST) was used to detect delayed-type hypersensitivity. Peripheral blood samples were used to perform 331 tests for AR to nine ATD: isoniazid (H), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), levofloxacin (Lfx), cycloserine (Cs), prothionamide (Pt), capreomycin (Cm), p-aminosalicylic acid(PAS) and pyridoxine (B6 ). Study design: retrospective.

Results: Tests for AR were positive in 39 patients (78.0%), weakly positive – in 10 patients (20.0%), negative – in 1 patient (2.0%). Analysis of AR prevalence in MDR-TB patients showed that Cs (60.0%), Pt (52.1%), PAS (52.8%), H (54.5%), and Lfx (52.2%) caused AR more frequently than the other ATD. AR to Cm (38.3%), Z (37.8%), E (41.0%), and B6 (38.7%) showed comparable prevalence. Most frequently the patients demonstrated AR to the two ATD (12 patients, 24.0%).

Conclusion: AR were detected in 98.0% of 50 examined MDR-TB patients with suspected drug allergy (DA). Cs proved to be the most allergenic drug among others (60.0%). Most frequently the MDR-TB patients demonstrated AR to the two ATD (24.0% of patients).

Keywords: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, drug resistance, anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy drugs, allergic reactions.

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Author information:


Maykanaev Bolot Bektashevich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director, National Center for Phthisiology
E-mail: maykanaev64@mail.ru

Toktogonova Atyrkul Akmatbekovna
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Science, National Center for Phthisiology
Scopus ID: 57193609315
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6419-1032
SPIN: 2992-8520

Dudenko Elena Vyacheslavovna
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, National Center for Phthisiology
Researcher ID: AAD-5413-2021
Scopus ID: 55386919000
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8948-3659
SPIN: 2716-2722
Author ID: 948002
E-mail: dudenko.e@list.ru

Sydykova Saltanat Sydykovna
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, National Center for Phthisiology
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6479-2770
SPIN: 4398-8285
Author ID: 948012
E-mail: Saltanat.sydykova58@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The research was carried out in accordance with the research plan of the National Center for Phthisiology (state registration number – 0007719). The authors did not receive financial support from companies manufacturing medications and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:


Dudenko Elena Vyacheslavovna
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, National Center for Phthisiology

720020, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Akhunbaeva str., 90а

Tel.: + 996 (554) 044011

E-mail: dudenko.e@list.ru

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