CASE REPORT
Pediatrics
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2026-28-1-269-278
HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS IN AN INFANT: A CLINICAL CASE

G.U. MAKAROVA1, R.M. FAYZULLINA2, R.F. GATIYATULLIN3, YU.N. KHAMATKHANOVA1, E.A. BOGOMOLOVA4, R.R. GAFUROVA2, O.V. SHAMSHEEVA1

1Republican Clinical Pediatric Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russian Federation
2Department of Faculty Pediatrics and Neonatology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
3Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
4Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a rare immunopathological disease unrelated to an IgE-mediated mechanism that affects the alveoli, interstitial tissue, and peripheral airways. It develops from repeated inhalation of organic dust and microparticles <5 μm. HP is characterized by a variable clinical course, which significantly complicates diagnosis. In recent years, the number of publications devoted to HP in children has increased, indicating growing interest in this issue. The present paper describes a clinical case of HP with pleuritis in a young child, highlighting the wide range of clinical manifestations of this pathology. Particular attention is paid to the diagnostic difficulties posed by the lack of unified diagnostic criteria and the similarity of symptoms to those of acute respiratory infections and bronchial asthma. Despite its rarity in childhood, HP requires a comprehensive diagnostic approach and careful differential analysis. The presented case emphasizes the importance of thorough assessment of medical history, clinical presentation, and laboratory and instrumental findings for timely diagnosis and selection of the optimal treatment strategy.

Keywords: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, children, bronchial asthma, immunopathology, exogenous allergic alveolitis, clinical case.

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References

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Authors' information:

Makarova Gulnaz Ulfatovna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Allergology Department, Republican Clinical Pediatric Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan
ORCID ID: 0009-0001-9242-1624
Е-mail: MagGulnaz@mail.ru

Fayzullina Rezeda Mansafovna,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics and Neonatology, Bashkir State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9001-1437
SPIN: 6706-3639
Author ID: 459354
E-mail: fayzullina@yandex.ru

Gatiyatullin Radik Fidagievich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Bashkir State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2914-8290
Е-mail: radikfidagi@mail.ru

Khamatkhanova Yulia Nailevna,
Allergologist, Allergology Department, Republican Clinical Pediatric Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan
ORCID ID: 0009-0001-7354-2367
Е-mail: mustafina-y@mail.ru

Bogomolova Ekaterina Aleksanrovna,
Resident, Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1764-6599
Е-mail: bogomolova.ekaterina.2000@gmail.com

Gafurova Rita Rinatovna,
Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics and Neonatology, Bashkir State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9077-9780
SPIN: 3334-7890
Author ID: 1033519
Е-mail: rita.gafurova2017@yandex.ru

Shamsheeva Olesya Vladimirovna,
Allergologist, Allergology Department, Republican Clinical Pediatric Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan
ORCID ID: 0009-0003-9899-7928
Е-mail: vasilolesya@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Gafurova Rita Rinatovna
Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics and Neonatology, Bashkir State Medical University

450038, Russian Federation, Ufa, Koltsevaya str., 138

Tel.: +7 (937) 33233332

Е-mail: rita.gafurova2017@yandex.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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