Literature Reviews
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2020-22-4-621-628
A MODERN VIEW ON THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF CHLOASMA

M.Kh. Mirzoeva1, K.M. Mukhamadieva1, P.K. Kurbonbekova2

1Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
2Department of Pathological Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

The review presents an analysis of modern, domestic and foreign publications devoted to actual researches on the etiology and pathogenesis of chloasma. The article provides information on the relationship of chloasma with ultraviolet radiation, skin phototype, and a region of residence, hormonal status and concomitant pathology. Based on the generalized literature data, the authors emphasize the important role of disorders in the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in the development of chloasma. These processes lead to abnormalities of organs and systems and reflected in the state of local blood flow and functional parameters of the skin. In this regard, the authors point out that these factors are triggers for the development of this hypermelanosis in persons living in countries with a hot climate and belonging to a certain skin phototype. According to the author’s opinion, these pathophysiological mechanisms of chloasma development should be taken into account when developing the therapy algorithm. This provides an individual approach, taking into account the region of patient’s residence, his phototype, the state of local blood flow, functional parameters of the skin, concomitant pathology and disorders in the antioxidant defense system.

Keywords: Chloasma, ultraviolet irradiation, hyperpigmentation, skin phototype.

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Authors' information:

Mirzoeva Makhpora Khursandmurodovna
Applicant, Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6781-3709
E-mail: mirzoevamahpora@gmail.com

Mukhamadieva Kibriyokhon Mansurovna
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4264-2816
SPIN: 1880-3870
Author ID: 998398
E-mail: kibriyo_67@mail.ru

Kurbonbekova Parvina Kamchibekovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9849-4479
E-mail: ogulomnosirov@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The work was carried our according to the plan of scientific research works of Avicenna Tajik State Medical University (state registration number – 0118ТJ400858). The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Mukhamadieva Kibriyokhon Mansurovna
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 139

Tel.: +992 (931) 277575

E-mail: kibriyo_67@mail.ru

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