Literature Reviews
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2018-20-4-455-461
GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: A MODERN VIEW ON THE ACTUAL PROBLEM

M.F. Dodkhoeva, D.A. Pirmatova

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

A review of world literature has shown that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most frequently encountered extra genital pathology of gestation and represents a serious medical and social problem, increasing the incidence of unwanted pregnancy outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. Significant variability of opinions on the frequency of GDM, its etiology and pathogenesis, screening methods and diagnostics of impaired carbon-water metabolism revealed during the pregnancy. Considering the diverse scientific data, constantly changing bio ecological environmental conditions that drastically affect the development of pregnancy, it is necessary to note the need for early detection of GDM in order, to adequately correct glycaemia to prevent an adverse course of pregnancy and childbirth. The lack of universal diagnostic criteria, on the one hand, and the clinical course of GDM without obvious manifestations, on the other hand, subsequently increase the risk of diabetes, obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders and cardiovascular complications in both mother and child. Consequently, this pathology requires the development of uniform standards for the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism during the pregnancy.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, prevalence, complications, diabetic fetopathy, diagnostic criteria.

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Authors' information:

Dodkhoeva Munavvara Fayzulloevna,
Pirmatova Dilnoza Alikhonovna, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical Universit

Pirmatova Dilnoza Alikhonovna,
Postgraduate Student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Dodkhoeva Munavvara Fayzulloevna

Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Doctor of Medicine, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 139

Tel.: +992 (918) 612606

E-mail: dodkho2008@mail.ru

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