REVIEW ARTICLE
Endocrinology
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2026-28-2-498-510
IODINE DEFICIENCY IN TAJIKISTAN: HISTORY, CURRENT REALITIES, AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

N.A. INOYATOVA, M.A. PIRMATOVA, N.M. KODIROVA

Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of iodine deficiency disorders in the Republic of Tajikistan, with emphasis on the historical background, scientific aspects, and current state of legal regulation of this problem. Based on official statistical data and the results of two large-scale national studies conducted in 2008-2022, the article examines trends in the incidence of endemic goiter, population coverage with iodized salt, and median urinary iodine concentration indicators among different population groups. It was established that despite a significant decrease in the incidence of endemic goiter, mild iodine deficiency persists in the republic, particularly among children. A critical analysis was conducted of the reasons for the discrepancy between iodized salt consumption and the population's iodine status, and areas for improving the system for preventing iodine deficiency disorders were proposed. The review is based on an analysis of 38 sources from international and regional databases for the period 2013-2023.

Keywords: Iodine deficiency, endemic goiter, iodized salt, urinary iodine concentration, micronutrients, thyroid gland, prevention, Tajikistan.

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Authors' information:

Inoyatova Nigina Azizovna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4540-7395
SPIN: 5674-6368
Author ID: 919251
E-mail: diabet_rda@mail.ru

Pirmatova Makhina Abdurakhimovna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8312-5815
SPIN: 9559-2594
Author ID: 1093368
E-mail: mahina-f.s@mail.ru

Kodirova Nigina Mavjudinovna,
Resident, Department of Endocrinology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0009-0005-3782-9327
E-mail: niginakadirova2408@gmail.com

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Pirmatova Makhina Abdurakhimovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinol- ogy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734026, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Sino str., 29-31

Tel.: +992 (985) 401122

E-mail: mahina-f.s@mail.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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