FOR THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONER
Otorhinolaryngology
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2026-28-2-519-529
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF LARYNGEAL DISEASES IN VOICE-SPEECH PROFESSIONALS

P.F. MURODOVA, M.A. ISMOILOVA, D.I. KHOLMATOV

Department of Otorhinolaryngology named after Yu.B. Iskhaki, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

Objective: To investigate the structure and prevalence of laryngeal diseases among individuals in voice and speech-intensive professions.

Methods: A total of 163 professionals (78 women and 85 men) whose occupations require heavy vocal use were examined at the ENT Clinic of the Shifobakhsh National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan. The patients were divided into two cohorts: speech-related professionals (study group) and vocalists (comparison group). All subjects underwent a comprehensive ENT examination, video fiber-optic laryngoscopy, and voice recording analysis.

Results: Occupational analysis showed that the speech-related cohort comprised teachers, actors, and childcare workers, while the vocalist cohort included professional singers, amateur singers, and music school students. In the speech-related group, organic laryngeal diseases predominated, including acute and chronic laryngitis, laryngeal polyps, and, less frequently, vocal fold hemorrhage. Functional voice disorders in this group primarily manifested as hypotonic dysphonia, hypertonic dysphonia, and functional aphonia. Conversely, vocalists predominantly exhibited functional laryngeal diseases, specifically hypotonic and hypertonic dysphonia, phonasthenia, and pubertal dysphonia (the latter observed in music school students). Organic pathologies in vocalists were limited to acute and chronic laryngitis.

Conclusion: Functional voice disorders are the most prevalent laryngeal pathologies among vocalists, whereas organic laryngeal diseases predominate among speech-related professionals. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted prevention strategies and timely therapeutic interventions for individuals in vocally demanding occupations.

Keywords: Voice-speech professions, laryngitis, dysphonia, aphonia, phonasthenia.

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Authors' information:

Murodova Parichehra Firdavsbekovna,
Assistant Professor of the Department of otorhinolaryngology named after Yu.B. Iskhaki, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0009-0005-4581-3587
E-mail: mparichehra@gmail.com

Ismoilova Musharraf Abdugafarovna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology named after Yu.B. Iskhaki, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0009-0004-7038-7180
E-mail: ismoilova47@inbox.ru

Kholmatov Dzhamol Israilovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology named after Yu.B. Iskhaki, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5135-7104
SPIN: 6669-7028
Author ID: 1079516
E-mail: kholmatovji@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Kholmatov Dzhamol Israilovich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology named after Yu.B. Iskhaki, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734026, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Sino str., 29-31

Tel.: +992 (981) 041634

E-mail: kholmatovji@mail.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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