Oncology

doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2018-20-1-52-57
IMMUNITY SYSTEM AFTER EXTENDED SURGERIES IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED STOMACH CANCER

I.I. Еnа1,2, А.А. Akhetov3, N.A. Shanazarov3, N.K. Seydalin3

Shanazarov Nasrulla Abdullaevich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, str. E495, № 2
Tel.: (+7) 717 2708082
E-mail: nasrulla@inbox.ru

Objective: Examine the influence of splenectomy in patients with locally advanced stomach cancer (LASC) on the immune system and the frequency of postoperative infectious complications.

Methods: The system of immunity of 55 patients with LASC is studied before and after an extended gastrectomy with splenectomy. Cellular and humoral immunity were assessed. The immune component cells were determined by means of reactions an indirect rosette using monoclonal antibodies to form rosettes. The phenotype of immunocompetent cells was determined using monoclonal antibodies. To determine B-lymphocytes, erythrocytes coated with antibodies to CD19 antigens specific for B cells as well as HLA-DR antigens found on B-lymphocytes and activated T-cells were used; for natural killers – diagnostics with monoclonal antibody to CD16, as well as CD95 – the factor of apoptosis and CD HLAII. The functional state of the B-systems of immunity was evaluated by determining the serum immunoglobulins of the main classes IgG, IgA, IgM by the method of radial immune diffusion by Mancini.

Results: It was found that after gastrectomy with splenectomy, the statistically significant decrease in IgG concentration to 7.2±0.12 g/l and IgM to 0.6±0.02 g/l and increase in leukocyte-T-lymphocyte index to 23.0±0.54 units. Before and after the performed operation, significant differences were found in such indicators as CD4, CD16, CD19, CD4/CD8. When studying the parameters of apoptosis and the characteristics of expression of CD95 molecules on peripheral blood lymphocytes, no significant changes in the activation rates of peripheral blood lymphocytes were revealed. It is established that in the splenectomy group complications associated with impaired immune status develop. This was manifested by a tendency to frequent colds, detected in 41.2% of patients due to involvement of the lungs and bronchi in the pathological process, and 11.8% of the patients had a predisposition to pustular skin diseases.

Conclusion: Splenectomy leads to changes in both the humoral and cellular links of the immune status, as well as the nonspecific resistance of the organism of the patients with LASC. These changes in laboratory indicators are clinically manifested by the propensity to infectious diseases.

Keywords: Gastric cancer, gastrectomy, splenectomy, cellular immunity, humoral immunity.

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Author information:


Ena Igor Ivanovich,
Postraduate Student of the Department of Oncology, South Ural State Medical University; Oncologist of Tomsk Regional Oncology Center

Akhetov Amir Amantaevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Shanazarov Nasrulla Abdullaevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Seydalin Nazar Karimovich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Doctor oncologist-mammologist, Specialist of the Science Department, Hospital of the Medical Center of the Department of Affairs of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:


Shanazarov Nasrulla Abdullaevich

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan

010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, str. E495, № 2

Tel.: (+7) 717 2708082

E-mail: nasrulla@inbox.ru

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