Literature Reviews
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2017-19-1-120-124
CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE

M.A. Normatova

Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan

Genomic integrity is constantly exposed to the products of metabolic activities and environmental processes that can induce DNA damage. A well-organized network of signaling cascade, designated as DNA damage response (DDR), encompasses systems of damage detection, cell-cycle check-point activation and repair mechanisms. The DNA damage pathways involve not only naked DNA strands but also higherorder chromatin components, such as histone variants and heterochromatin proteins. Any impediment of this regulation process may cause extensive damage and trigger the growth of tumours. The alterations in chromatin architecture occur during transcription and replication and are required to provide the accessibility of proteins to DNA strands. There is increasing evidence that DNA repair is also accompanied by the chromatin remodeling, particularly in the case of efficient detection and repair of DSBs where chromatin structure and nucleosome organization represent a significant barrier.

Keywords: DNA damage, , ATM, ATR, chromatin, DSBs, DDR.

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Authors' information:

Normatova Makhliyo Abdurakhmonovna,
MD, PhD Senior Researcher of the Department of Stem Cells at Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Normatova Makhliyo Abdurakhmonovna

Senior Researcher of the Department of Stem Cells Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Avenue, 139

Tel.: (+992) 985 283444

E-mail: makhliyo.normatova1209@gmail.com

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